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M. H. CLEAVER. COMBINED NON-SKID AND TRACTION DEVICE FOR DUAL TIRED WHEELS.

APPLICATION FILED MAY I3. I9I'6.

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1 @mi A u WJ ,v Y "IIHIII" 4 1 M. H. CLEAVER. commen NoN-smomo RAcnoN nevica ron DUAL TIRED WHEELS.

APPLICATION FILED MAY I3. i916- 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 3 nue 4410@ TUNTTED sTATEs PATENT oEEroE. i'

MONTAGUE H. cLEAvEE, E NEW YORK, N. iz.

communi) NoN-SKID AND TascrIoN nnvrcnron DUAL-Tirano WHEELS."

Y .Specicaton of Letters Patent.

Patented Dee. e,v 1.919.

Application ledMey 13, 1916. Serial No. 97,438.

ETo all 'whom it may concern Be it known that I, kMONTAGUE H. CLEAVER, a subject of the King of Great Britain, residing at New York city, borough of Manhattan, county-*and State of New York, have invented certain newl and useful 'Improvements `.in Combined Non-Skid andV Traction Devices forV Dual-Tired 2 heels, of which theffollowing isa specification. I Y

My invention relates to anti-skid devices for vehicle wheels havingk dual elastic tires such as are commonlyused on motor trucks rvand comprises an improved form of shoe designed to be securely buttlexibly held on such wheels in proper position, and means for so holding a series lof such shoes over and Cacross the tread faces of the tires at apredetermined angle and preventing them from being .angularly displaced from such p'osition.

- Heretofore it has been proposed .to form such apparatus of aplurality of rigid shoes Vof plate form or cruciform shape held together in an endless band or loop by flexible chains or pivoted bar links, the central portions of each shoe lying in the groove between the dual tires, and wings laterally projecting therefrom extending over the tread faces of the tires. The shoes being, however, usually formed of rigid castings, forgings, or stamped-out plates have developed an undesirable tendency to slip circumferentially Yaround the tires under the influence of tractive forces applied to the wheels,- especially when there is snow on the ground which is apt'to pack in between the shoe and the tire. This tendency to slip circumferentially on the wheel has been aggravated informer constructions by making the central portion ofV the shoe considerably longer- (circumferentially of the wheel) than are the wingor tread portions, theresult being along anti-friction bearing of the shoe on the central and most rigid portion of the wheel face. This central portion of the old form of shoe has been thus made longer than the' other 'portions for a variety of reasons, the principal one-bein that 'when flexible connections` are used, suc 1 long oenvfirmly against angular displacement. An-

tral portion serves to hold the shoe more.

other difficulty with the old form of forged, cast or plate construction of solid shoe has developed from their tendency to produce a pounding or chattering effect on the wheel when running over a hard pavement, and

also liability to fracture under such pounding. Y

My present invention avoids these diffi-v cultiesV andk secures certain added advantages by substituting for the solid'rform of shoeone built .up of a plurality of" matted, twisted 'or interwoven wires or wirev ropes, preferably mounted in or on ashort .central bar or body which liesin the groove vbetween f the tires, whilefthe wires project in folia-v ceou's form over the treadjsurfaces of the tires. I also prefer to employ asvv fastening means chains formed of Aa series ofshorteyebars pivoted together and to the shoes lby pivot pins whose axes are parallel'ito the axis `of the wheel, as I am'thus able to reduce the length of the centr'alpo'rtion vofv the lshoe to the same length as orless than thatl of the wings ork lateral portions of the shoe without danger of the shoe Vtwisting Vangularly while in use. This chain being flexible only in the plane of the loop formed bythe endless chain oflinksand shoes, itis evi-y dent that the shoes cannot twist outof their proper predetermined position fon the face ofthewheel. The best form of apparatusl at present known to me embodying Vmyinvention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which- Figure 1 is a plan view of a portion `of a double tired. wheel with my invention applied thereto. g Y Y Fig. 2 is a vertical section on line 2-2 ofFigl. Fig. Fig. l showing the position of the parts on the road surface, andA Fig. 4 is'a detail view of a modified form of shoe.

Throughout the drawings likelreference characters indicate like parts.

l, indicates 4thewheel felly on which arek mounted the dual elastic tires V2,2, the *.'cross sections of which are such as -tor Vleave the groove 3, between them.:Y As shown, Aeach shoe is .mainly coniposed ofl a pluralitylof 3 is a cross sectionon line 3-'3fof j stift" wires or pieces of wire rope 4, 4, which are fastened in or on a short bar 5, adapted to lie in groove 3.

In the preferred construction shown the bar 5 has a long transverse slot 6, formed 1n it through which the sections of wire rope ass so as to project equally and evenly on `goth sides, being matted or interwoven or twisted into foliaceous form. The wings thus formed extend across the tread faces of the tires and the free ends of the wires or bits of wire rope are held together' in proper position by being welded into end clips, 7, 7. The wires are held in the slot 6 by friction, or by welding or soldering or otherwise fastening them therein.

In the form shown in Fig. 4 the wires are compressed laterally or gathered in at the point where they pass through bar 5, so as to render it possible to make the bar 5 shorter than the corresponding element in the form of my invention shown in the other figures of drawing.

Each end of bar 5 is provided with perforated lugs 8, 8, by which it may be pivoted to ends of short sections of chain formed of plate links, .9, 9, all the parts being pivoted together by pins 10, 10. In order to forni a chain which shall be extra strong to resist lateral compression and any bending forces exerted in planes other than the plane of the loop formed by shoes and connecting chains, c'. e. the plane at right angles to pivots 10, 10, I prefer to use double links placed side by side, as shown at 9, 9. Any suitable form of take-up for slack in the chain may be employed such as the turnbuckle 11.

In the form shown in Figs. 1 to 3, the slot 6 is as long as the circumferential dimension of the body 12 of the shoe formed of the wires 4, 4. In Fig. 4 I have shown a form in which the bar link 5, and its slot 6, are shortened up, and the wires 4. 4, gatheredv in at the middle where they pass through the slot. This gives the desirable effect of making bar link 5 as short as possible.

In use the device is applied to a wheel, as shown in the drawings, with the short bars, 5, and connecting chains resting in groove 3, and the wings 12 of the shoe extending across and beyond the tread faces of the tires 2, 2, so that the end pieces 7, 7, will not be compressed. f By removing the pivot pin from one end of the turn buckle 11, it may be lengthened or shortened sufficiently to have the endless chain formed by links and bars 5, 5, rest securely in groove 3, but without binding' therein. As a result the shoes may creep slowly around the wheel when in use, but cannot become detached therefrom. The eye-bar connections hold the shoes firmly so that the major axis of each remains parallel to the major axes of all the others, and they cannot twist or turn from that position. rIhis prevents the shoes from unseating themselves by twisting about on the surfaces of the tires, or canting over toward either side, while at the same time they are free to move radially of the wheel as the elastic tires yield under pressure.

' Further advantages arise from the iexible character of the shoe treads which are preferably formed of stiff, but slightly flexible and very tough steel wire, which yield to the inequalities of the road and embed themselves in the yielding surfaces of the tires, getting a firm grip on both and avoiding all pounding or chattering even when used upon the hardest pavements. Moreover these foliaceous wings of woven or matted wire do not score the roadbed as severely as do solid, cast or forged shoes when used on heavy trucks.

Various changes could be made in the arrangement of the wires forming the shoe tread without departing from the principle of my invention so long as the results above described are kept in view.

Having described my invention, I claim:

1. A shoe for use in an anti-skidding device for wheels having dual elastic tires, which is formed of a series of stiff but slightly flexible wires extending side by side and of a length suticient to reach across the tread faces of the tires, together with means for fastening together said wires along a line transverse thereof and midway of their lengths.

2. A shoe for use in an anti-skidding devicefor wheels having dual elastic tires comprising in combination a central bar adapted to lie in the groove between the tires and provided with chain attaching means at each end, and wings of wire rope extending on either side of said bar and adapted to rest on the tread faces of the tires.

3. A shoe for use in an anti-skidding device for wheels having dual elastic tires which comprises in combination a central bar having a transverse rality of short bits of wire rope extending through said perforation and fastened therein so as to form foliaceous extensions on either side of the bar, and means fastening together the free ends of the said bits of wire rope and holding them assembled.

4. A shoe for use in an anti-skidding device for wheels having dual elastic tires which consists of the combination of'a short bar having a transverse slot therethrough and perforated lugs projecting from each end, adapted to lie in the groove between the tires, a plurality of short pieces of wire rope held in said slot and interwoven to form a fiat band projecting from-either side of the bar and extending across the treads of the tires, and strips of metal welded to the free perforation, a pluends of the Wire ropes at points beyond the the groove between the tires, and stiff but outer edges of the tire treads, whereby the slightly iexible Het Wings projecting Jfrom tread portions of seid shoe are formed eneither side of said central body adapted to 10 tirely of interwoven bits of Wire rope. overlap the treads of both tires, said Wings 5. A shoe for use in an anti-skidding debeing formed of a plurality ofslightly flexivioe for Wheels having dual elastic tires ble Wires.

which has a central body adapted to lie in MONTAGUE H. CLEAVER. 

